how to regulate emotions

How to Regulate Your Emotions (Complete Guide)

Paula Team4 min read

Evidence-informed content reviewed for accuracy and safety

Introduction

You feel overwhelmed by emotions. They swing from high to low. You react before you think.

Emotion regulation can help.

In this guide, I'll explain how to regulate your emotions.

What Is Emotion Regulation?

Definition

Emotion regulation is the ability to manage your emotional responses. It's not suppressing feelings - it's responding to them in healthy ways.

Why It Matters

Good emotion regulation:

  • Improves relationships
  • Reduces impulsivity
  • Enhances mental health
  • Increases resilience

It's Not

  • Suppressing emotions
  • Not feeling
  • Being robotic

It Is

  • Experiencing emotions without being overwhelmed
  • Responding thoughtfully
  • Healthy coping

Types of Emotion Regulation

1. Situation Selection

Choosing situations that influence emotions.

Example: Avoiding a triggering situation.

2. Situation Modification

Changing the situation.

Example: Leaving a stressful environment.

3. Attention Deployment

Directing attention.

Example: Focusing on something else.

4. Cognitive Change

Changing how you think.

Example: Reframing a situation.

5. Response Modulation

Changing your response.

Example: Using relaxation techniques.

Skills for Regulating Emotions

1. Mindfulness

What: Noticing emotions without judgment.

How:

  • Name the emotion
  • Notice where you feel it
  • Let it be there

Why: Creates space between you and reaction.

2. Breathing

What: Using breath to calm nervous system.

How:

  • Deep breathing
  • Extended exhale

Why: Activates parasympathetic nervous system.

3. Grounding

What: Connecting to present moment.

How:

  • 5-4-3-2-1 technique
  • Physical sensations

Why: Pulls out of emotional mind.

4. Opposite Action

What: Acting opposite to the emotion.

How:

  • If you want to isolate, reach out
  • If you want to lash out, pause

Why: Changes behavior and can change emotion.

5. Check the Facts

What: Questioning the emotion.

How:

  • "Is this fact or feeling?"
  • "What evidence supports this?"

Why: Adds rational thinking.

6. Self-Soothing

What: Comforting yourself.

How:

  • Physical comfort
  • Kind self-talk
  • Pleasant activities

Why: Signals safety.

7. Problem Solving

What: Addressing the underlying issue.

How:

  • Identify the problem
  • Generate solutions
  • Take action

Why: Resolves source of emotion.

Emotion Regulation in Practice

When Angry

  1. Pause
  2. Check the facts
  3. Consider opposite action
  4. Problem solve if needed

When Anxious

  1. Ground yourself
  2. Breathe
  3. Challenge worry thoughts
  4. Take action on what you can control

When Sad

  1. Allow the feeling
  2. Self-soothe
  3. Reach out for support
  4. Engage in valued activity

When Overwhelmed

  1. Pause
  2. Ground
  3. Break into small steps
  4. Take one action

Building Emotion Regulation Skills

1. Practice Daily

Don't wait for crisis. Practice when calm.

2. Start with One Skill

Master one before adding more.

3. Be Patient

Skills take time to develop.

4. Notice Triggers

Know what activates strong emotions.

5. Build Coping Toolbox

Have multiple strategies for different situations.

DBT and Emotion Regulation

Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) has specific skills for emotion regulation:

PLEASE

  • Treat physical illness
  • Avoid mood-altering substances
  • Balance sleep
  • Avoid extreme emotions
  • Get exercise
  • Eat balanced meals

ABC PLEASE

  • Accumulate positives
  • Build mastery
  • Cope ahead
  • Problem solve
  • LIST of skills

When Emotions Are Too Intense

Signs You Need Help

  • Emotions frequently overwhelming
  • Impulsive behaviors
  • Relationship problems
  • Affecting daily life

Professional Help

  • Therapy (DBT is specifically for emotion regulation)
  • Medication if needed

Tips for Success

1. Don't Suppress

Pushing down emotions makes them stronger.

2. Name the Emotion

" I'm feeling anxious" is better than "I'm going to die."

3. Feel It to Heal It

Don't avoid. Experience and move through.

4. Take Space, Not Action

Step away before reacting.

5. Build Skills Before Crisis

Practice when calm.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is emotion regulation?

The ability to manage emotional responses thoughtfully, not suppress them.

How do I regulate my emotions?

Mindfulness, breathing, grounding, opposite action, and problem-solving.

Can emotion regulation be learned?

Yes. It's a skill that can be developed with practice.

What's the difference between suppressing and regulating?

Suppressing = pushing down. Regulating = experiencing and responding thoughtfully.

Conclusion

Emotion regulation is a skill - not a trait you're born with. You can learn it.

Start with one technique. Practice daily. Build your toolbox.

Over time, you'll respond to emotions more thoughtfully and less reactively.


Want more tools to regulate emotions? Paula is a free mental health app with emotion regulation skills and DBT-based tools. Download it today.


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